Maraging Steel
Maraging steel is a special iron-based steel with excellent hardness and malleability characteristics, as well as good toughness and elasticity, almost up to breaking.
Maraging steel is characterised by excellent mechanical properties, being easily heat treated with a simple thermal ageing process. This material is ideal for many applications in the field of injection moulding, die casting of light metal alloys and in punching and extrusion.
Another potential application is the production of high-performance industrial components, such as in aerospace applications and in motorsport.
Technical Data of the material and physical and chemical properties
| Technical Data | Test Method | |
| Typical achievable part accuracy, small parts (<80x80 mm) | - - - - - - - | approx. ± 20 μm |
| Typical achievable part accuracy, large parts | - - - - - - - | approx. ± 50 μm |
| Age hardening shrinkage [1] | - - - - - - - | approx. 0.08 % |
| Min. wall thickness [2] | - - - - - - - |
approx. 0.3 - 0.4 mm approx. 0.012 - 0.016 inch |
| Surface roughness (approx.)[3] as manufactured | - - - - - - - |
Ra 5 μm; Rz 28 μm; |
| Surface roughness (approx.)[3] after shot-peening | - - - - - - - |
Ra 4 - 6.5 μm; Rz 20 - 50 μm; |
| Surface roughness [3] after polishing | - - - - - - - | Rz up to < 0.5 μm |
| Physical and Chemical properties of parts | Test Method | |
| Material composition | - - - - - - - |
Fe (balance) Ni (17 - 19 wt-%) Co (8.5 - 9.5 wt-%) Mo (4.5 - 5.2 wt-%) Ti (0.6 - 0.8 wt-%) Al (0.05 - 0.15 wt-%) Cr, Cu (each ≤ 0.5 wt-%) C (≤ 0.03 wt-%) Mn, Si (each ≤ 0.1 wt-%) P, S (each ≤ 0.01 wt-%) |
| Relative density | - - - - - - - | approx. 100 % |
| Density | - - - - - - - |
8.0 - 8.1 g/cm3 0.289 - 0.293 lb/in3 |
| Mechanical properties of parts at 20°C (68°F) | Test Method | As Built | After age hardening[1] |
| Tensile strength [4] | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D | - - - - - - - |
min. 1930 MPa min. 280 ksi |
| Tensile strength [4] in horizontal direction (XY) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D |
typ. 1100 ± 100 MPa typ. 160 ± 15 ksi |
typ. 2050 ± 100 MPa typ. 297 ± 15 ksi |
| Tensile strength [4] in vertical direction (Z) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D |
typ. 1100 ± 100 MPa typ. 160 ± 15 ksi |
typ. 2050 ± 100 MPa typ. 297 ± 15 ksi |
| Yield strength (Rp 0.2 %) [4] | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D | - - - - - - - |
min. 1862 MPa min. 270 ksi |
| Yield strength (Rp 0.2 %) [4] in horizontal direction (XY) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D |
typ. 1050 ± 100 MPa typ. 152 ± 15 ksi |
typ. 1990 ± 100 MPa typ. 289 ± 15 ksi |
| Yield strength (Rp 0.2 %) [4] in vertical direction (Z) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D |
typ. 1000 ± 100 MPa typ. 145 ± 15 ksi |
typ. 1990 ± 100 MPa typ. 289 ± 15 ksi) |
| Modulus of elasticity [4] in horizontal direction (XY) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D |
typ. 160 ± 25 GPa typ. 23 ± 4 Msi |
typ. 180 ± 20 GPa typ. 26 ± 3 Msi |
| Modulus of elasticity [4] in vertical direction (Z) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D |
typ. 150 ± 20 GPa typ. 22 ± 3 Msi |
typ. 180 ± 20 GPa typ. 26 ± 3 Msi |
| Elongation at break [4] | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D | - - - - - - - | min. 2 % |
| Elongation at break [4] in horizontal direction (XY) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D | typ. (10 ± 4 ) % | typ. (4 ± 2) % |
| Elongation at break [4] in vertical direction (Z) | ISO 6892-1:2009(B) Annex D | typ. (10 ± 4 ) % | typ. (4 ± 2) % |
| Hardness [5] | EN ISO 6508-1 | typ. 33 - 37 HRC | typ. 50 - 56 HRC |
| Ductility (Notched Charpy impact test) | - - - - - - - | typ. 45 ± 10 J | typ. 11 ± 4 J |
| Thermal properties of parts | Test Method | As Built | After age hardening[1] |
| Thermal conductivity | - - - - - - - |
typ. 15 ± 0.8 W/m°C typ. 104 ± 6 Btu in/(h ft2 °F) |
typ. 20 ± 1 W/m°C typ. 139 ± 7 Btu in/(h ft2 °F |
| Specific heat capacity | - - - - - - - |
typ. 450 ± 20 J/kg°C typ. 0.108 ± 0.005 Btu/(lb °F) |
typ. 450 ± 20 J/kg°C typ. 0.108 ± 0.005 Btu/(lb °F) |
| Maximum operating temperature | - - - - - - - | - - - - - - - |
approx. 400 °C approx. 750 °F |